DER stands for “Drug Extract Ratio.” A ratio of 4:1 means that 4 parts of the original seed are needed to make 1 part of extract. So, 400 mg of fenugreek extract provides the same amount of active plant compounds as about 1600 mg of unextracted seed.

D-aspartic acid is a naturally occurring amino acid. It differs from the more well-known L-aspartic acid by its mirror-image molecular structure. In supplements, the D-form is often used because it plays a different role.

The product contains magnesium citrate. This form is often used in supplements because it is a highly soluble compound of magnesium with citric acid.

In Tribulus terrestris, the extract is standardized to 90% saponins, and in Panax ginseng to 20% ginsenosides. Standardization means that there is a fixed amount of these specific plant compounds present, so the composition remains consistent.